An actuator is an automation device that converts a control signal into mechanical motion to operate valves and other process equipment. In industry, actuators are used in valve automation to enable remote operation, precise control, and safe emergency shutdowns. Actuators are essential components in process automation, as they ensure reliable and efficient operation of industrial processes.
What is an actuator and why is it needed in industry?
An actuator is an automation device that converts electrical, pneumatic, or hydraulic control signals into mechanical force and motion. The primary function of an actuator is to operate industrial valves, dampers, and other process equipment automatically without manual intervention.
In industry, actuators are essential because they enable remote operation and automatic control of processes. Without actuators, every valve would need to be operated manually, which would be practically impossible in large industrial facilities.
Actuators also provide safety benefits. They can respond quickly to emergency situations and close valves automatically, protecting equipment and personnel. Additionally, they enable precise control, which improves process efficiency and quality.
How do actuators work and what different types exist?
Actuators work by converting one form of energy into another. Pneumatic actuators use compressed air, electric actuators use electrical energy, and hydraulic actuators use hydraulic oil pressure as their power source.
Pneumatic actuators are the most common in industry. They typically operate within 90° or 180° rotation ranges using Rack & Pinion or Scotch Yoke mechanisms. Pneumatic actuators are reliable and durable in explosive environments.
Electric actuators are suitable for applications requiring high torque or precise position control. They are also available with multi-turn functionality and offer excellent control accuracy.
Hydraulic actuators produce the highest force and are suitable for the heaviest applications. Electro-hydraulic actuators combine the advantages of electric drive and hydraulics.
What applications are actuators used for in industry?
Actuators are widely used across various industrial sectors in process automation. In mining and steel industry, they control material flows and process temperatures. In oil and petrochemical industry, actuators ensure safe and precise process control.
In pharmaceutical industry, actuators enable maintenance of clean processes and precise dosing. In pulp and paper industry, they control chemical feeding and process temperatures.
In water treatment, actuators regulate water flow and chemical dosing. In the energy sector, they control steam and gas valves in power plants and district heating networks.
How to select the right actuator for your application?
Actuator selection is based on several critical factors. Torque is the key selection criterion, as the actuator must be capable of operating the valve under all operating conditions.
The operating environment determines IP rating and material selections. Explosive atmospheres require ATEX approval. Control type affects selection: on-off operation requires a different actuator than continuous modulating control.
Safety requirements determine the need for SIL classification. PED directive compliance is essential for pressure equipment. KLINGER Finland offers a comprehensive range of actuators, including pneumatic, electric, electro-hydraulic, and hydraulic options that meet all key standards and are suitable for diverse applications.
Key benefits of actuators and future prospects
Actuators significantly enhance automation performance. They reduce manual work, improve process accuracy, and speed up response to fault conditions. Safety improves through automatic emergency shutdowns and remote operation.
Cost savings result from reduced maintenance and improved energy efficiency. Actuators enable optimal process control, which reduces raw material consumption and improves product quality.
In the future, smart automation will continue to develop. More sensors and diagnostic functions are being integrated into actuators. Remote monitoring and predictive maintenance are becoming more common, improving reliability and reducing unplanned shutdowns in industrial processes.
